Sunday, August 30, 2020

How to Identify Authentic Chinese Antique Porcelain or Ceramics

 "Antiques are the Jewels sedimented in history" -- by TrueOrDie Antique

Qianlong Imperial Fencai Shang Vase of the Great Qing Dansty

Beauty

Antiques are precious because of their beauty, much less of their age.  Because of their beauty they are preserved for generations, therefore become aged antiques. Beauty is the single most important thing I learned from my antique mentor Dr Chuck Jia.  This cannot be emphasized enough.  Now you are better than 90 percent of the antique collectors because you are reading this! 

Beauty is so important that when it reaches a certain level even authenticity becomes less important.  In fact, Beauty and authenticity often goes together.  Beauty is the hardest or most expensive thing to imitate.

There are 3 elements to the value of an antique: artistic, cultural and historical.  Beauty mainly belong to the artistic aspect.  Of course age itself can contribute to beauty.

Do you see beauty in this 2000 years old ram?


Some people have sharp sense of beauty while others are indifferent  I have an antique collector friend whose sense of beauty is very poor.  However his daughter has a very sharpe sense of beauty.  I do not know how much of this is due to inheritance (gene) vs learning through experience.


How do you think about these two pictures? Which one do you like more, the carved wood plate or red Jun kiln bowl? Think about these and see my comments at the end (Note*).


Aged Signs

1) Chick Feet Crack/Crazing

Export Qinghua plate of the 1700s.


Zhengde Reign Qinghua Jar of the Ming Dynasty.


Chongzhen Reign Qinghua Lotus Seed Jar of the Ming Dynasty


This is one of the most reliable aged signs and very hard to fake.  It takes at least a few hundred years to form. It most often happens in the middle of a plate or inside in the middle of a jar.  When you swipe with your finger, you should not feel scratched by its surface.

2) Aged or Dead Bubbles

Qinghua Dragon Yuhuchun Vase of the Yuan Dynasty (1206-1368)


Under 30x or more magnification, Some porcelains show discolored or blacked or even broken bubbles. It usually takes 600 years or more for this to be obvious. This happens often to some porcelains of the Ming, Yuan or Song dynasties.  This is a sufficient but not necessary indication - which means whenever you see dead bubbles, it can certify its authenticity.  But Not all genuine old porcelains has dead bubbles.



3) Iridescence (蛤蜊光)

At a certain angel, you can a light spectrum for certain old porcelain glaze.  This happens more often to Wucai especially green dye. Normally it needs 150 years or more to form.


Qingbai Bowl of the Song Dynasty


Wucai Elephant Ear Vase of the Yuan Dynasty


Hongzhi Reign Yellow Plate of the Ming Dynasty


4) "Treasure Light" (宝光)

It is the glossy or shining from the inside appearance.  It is very comfortable to watch.  When you touch the glaze, it feels like baby skin.  However, for fake porcelain either the light is too strong or too dull (due to acid treatment).


A Good Reproduction (left) versus a Real Yuan Qinghua porcelain Jar (right)


A Good Reproduction (left) vs an Authentic (right) Kid Bell Vase of the Ming Ware.


*Note  if you see the beauty of the Carved wooden plate, you have a good sense of appreciation of beauty.   If you think the Red Bowl is more beautiful, you sense of beauty is unusually sharpe.


Introduction to Yixing Zisha Teapot

 


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"Antiques are the Jewels sedimented in history" -- by TrueOrDie Antique


Yixing Zisha teapots are a special kind of teapot made of Yixing Zisha.  They are unique in that they are enjoyed both by their art work and usage.  What's more appealing is that "the more and longer it is being used, the better it looks".  We call this property as "the Yixing Zisha appeal".

Over the years, I have collected over hundreds of Yixing Zisha teapots (majority of them are fine artwork and quite a few are masterpieces).  According to my experiences, Yixing Zisha teapots can be divided into the following 5 categories:

  1. Chemical teapots

  2. None Zisha (most modern produced commodity)  teapots

  3. Old (Commodity) Zisha teapots

  4. Zisha teapots of Fine Artwork

  5. Masterpieces


Type 1 Chemical Teapots

Chemical teapots are made of clay added with modern chemicals, usually have very bright colors.  These chemicals are added to cover the bad appearances of the original clays. These teapots are toxic and cannot be used.


Type 2 None Zisha Teapots

(most modern produced commodity after 1990s)  teapots do not have modern chemicals added, but do not have Yixing Zisha clay either.  They are not toxic, but do not have the Zisha appeal either. The reason why I put modern commodity  so called Yixing Zisha teapots into the None-Zisha category is the high cost of the Yixing Zisha clay.  In the year 2014, my antique mentor went to a famous Yixing Zisha clay provider. The cheapest costs $300/pound.  What kind of teapots can you buy below $100? In 2015, I went to a Yixing Zisha shop owned by a craftsman. $130-180 are cookie-cut made.  $220 are semi-cookie-cut.

None-Zisha Teapot


Type 3 Old Commodity Zisha Teapots

Type 3 Old (Commodity) Zisha teapots are those made before 1980s.  At that time and most of the time before, Yixing Zisha teapots were cheap.  There are no reason for counterfeiters to make Type 1 or Type 2 teapots. They may not look as beautiful as those of Fine Artwork or masterpiece.  But they are made of Yixing Zisha nonetheless, and therefore have the Yixing Zisha appeal.



Color Teapot of the Late Qing Dynasty


Color Teapot of the Late Qing Dynasty


Type 4 Fine Art Work

Type 4 are pieces of fine artwork made in the past or modern times. They are usually made of top quality Yixing Zisha clay, aesthetically appealing.


WU Yueting Teapot


QingDeTang Teapot of Zhu Clay


Type 5 Masterpieces that Transcends Times

We recommend collectors collect old Yixing Zisha teapots.  There are a few reasons for this. Firstly, compared to modern artwork, old pieces are not really that expensive.  Secondly, old teapots usually have very good quality Yixing Zisha clay, which would have a good appeal property. Lastly, old teapots have high historical and cultural value.

Masterpiece by XU Hantang

Masterpiece by ZHU Kexin


Masterpiece by PAN Yiyuan

Masterpiece by YANG Jichu


Peerless Treasure by YANG Pengnian

Peerless Treasure of "Da Qing Qianlong Nian Zhi"

How do we tell old from new ones?

  • By Yixing Zisha clay - old teapots usually have darker color, bigger and rougher sand particle size, particle of different sizes.

  •  By craftsmanship - old teapots use fewer tools and therefore not perfectly made and have more clues of how it is made.

  • By marks

What kind of Yixing Zisha clay are good clay?

  • They are easy to have the Yixing Zisha appeal.  Some top clays can show you the difference within a couple of week's usage.

  • They have a strong sand appearance.

  • They are beautiful

  • After a longer period of times (usually 5 years or more), they can have  some kind of semi-transparent appearance, like jade or precious stone. By that time, the clues and marks left by handcrafting are readily available to be spotted by your eyes.

What are top Yixing Zisha teapot?

Beautiful teapots: beauty of clay, craftsmanship, shape, artwork, spirit and soul.

What is beauty?

There are several kind of beauty. In the order of importance they are:

  1. Gu1Zhuo2 (古拙) -- ancient looking.

  2. Da4Du4 (大度)-- grandiose or magnificent

  3. Qing1Xiu4 (清秀)-- handsome or pretty

  4. Qv4Wei4 (趣味)-- interesting


Handmade vs Cookie-cutter

Handmade teapots are of art work.  Everyone is different or unique. It takes times, craftsmanship, and creativity.  They are made of top quality Yixing Zisha clay. It has soul. They are beautiful.

Cookie cutter are commodity.  All are similar or even identical.  They can be mass-produced. They are made of cheap or non Zisha clay.  They do not have souls. They are boring.




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